Find a route and directions

Learn how to find a route and directions with the route service.

find a route and directions

Routing is the process of finding the path from an origin to a destination in a street network. You can use the Routing service to find routes, get driving directions, calculate drive times, and solve complicated, multiple vehicle routing problems. To create a route, you typically define a set of stops (origin and one or more destinations) and use the service to find a route with directions. You can also use a number of additional parameters such as barriers and mode of travel to refine the results.

In this tutorial, you define an origin and destination by clicking on the map. These values are used to get a route and directions from the route service. The directions are also displayed on the map.

Prerequisites

Before starting this tutorial:

  1. You need an ArcGIS Location Platform or ArcGIS Online account.

  2. Confirm that your system meets the system requirements.

  3. An IDE for Android development in Kotlin.

Steps

Get an access token

You need an access token to use the location services used in this tutorial.

  1. Go to the Create an API key tutorial to obtain an access token using your ArcGIS Location Platform or ArcGIS Online account.

  2. Ensure that the following privileges are enabled: Location services > Basemaps > Basemap styles service and Location services > Routing.

  3. Copy the access token as it will be used in the next step.

To learn more about other ways to get an access token, go to Types of authentication.

Open an Android Studio project

  1. To start this tutorial, complete the Display a map tutorial. Or download and unzip the Display a map solution in a new folder.

  2. Modify the old project for use in this new tutorial. Expand More info for instructions.

  3. Set the API key using the copied access token.

    1. In Android Studio: in the Android tool window, open app > java > com.example.app > MainActivity.

    2. In the setApiKeyForApp() method, find the ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.setApiKey("YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN") call and paste your access token inside the double quotes, replacing YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN.

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          private fun setApiKeyForApp(){
      
              ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.setApiKey("YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN")
      
          }
      

Add import statements and class properties

Modify import statements to reference the packages and classes required for this tutorial. Then add properties to the class that are used in multiple functions within this tutorial.

  1. Replace app-specific import statements with the imports needed for this tutorial.

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    package com.example.app
    
    import android.os.Bundle
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
    
    import android.R.layout
    import android.graphics.Color
    import android.util.Log
    import android.view.MotionEvent
    import android.widget.ArrayAdapter
    import android.widget.ListView
    import android.widget.Toast
    
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.ArcGISRuntimeEnvironment
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.BasemapStyle
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Viewpoint
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.DefaultMapViewOnTouchListener
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.Graphic
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.GraphicsOverlay
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleLineSymbol
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.symbology.SimpleMarkerSymbol
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.networkanalysis.RouteTask
    import com.esri.arcgisruntime.tasks.networkanalysis.Stop
    
    import kotlin.math.roundToInt
    
    import com.example.app.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
    
  2. Within the MainActivity class, add the following class properties.

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    class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    
        private val activityMainBinding: ActivityMainBinding by lazy {
            ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        }
    
        private val mapView: MapView by lazy {
            activityMainBinding.mapView
        }
    
        private val listView: ListView by lazy {
            activityMainBinding.listView
        }
    
        private val directionsList: MutableList<String> by lazy {
            mutableListOf("Tap to add two points to the map to find a route between them.")
        }
    
        private val arrayAdapter by lazy {
            ArrayAdapter(this, layout.simple_list_item_1, directionsList)
        }
    
        private val routeStops: MutableList<Stop> by lazy {
            mutableListOf()
        }
    
        private val graphicsOverlay: GraphicsOverlay by lazy {
            GraphicsOverlay()
        }
    
        override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            setContentView(activityMainBinding.root)
    

Update the map

A streets basemap layer is typically used in routing applications. Update the basemap to use the ARCGIS_STREETS basemap style, change the position of the map to center on Los Angeles and add a GraphicsOverlay.

  1. In the setupMap() function, update the Basemap style property from ARCGIS_TOPOGRAPHIC to ARCGIS_STREETS, and update the latitude and longitude coordinates to center on Los Angeles.

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        // set up your map here. You will call this method from onCreate()
        private fun setupMap() {
    
            val map = ArcGISMap(BasemapStyle.ARCGIS_STREETS)
    
            mapView.apply {
                // set the map on the map view
                this.map = map
    
                setViewpoint(Viewpoint(34.0539, -118.2453, 144447.638572))
    
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand
  2. Add the graphicsOverlay to the mapView. A graphics overlay is a container for graphics. Graphics will be added later in this tutorial as a visual means to display the route stops and route result on the map.

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            mapView.apply {
                // set the map on the map view
                this.map = map
    
                setViewpoint(Viewpoint(34.0539, -118.2453, 144447.638572))
    
                graphicsOverlays.add(graphicsOverlay)
    
            }
    
    Expand

Add a ListView to display driving directions

To display the turn-by-turn directions from the route, use an Android list view to display it on the screen.

  1. In the activity_main.xml file, create an AndroidListView which will display a vertical list of directions.

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        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:background="@android:drawable/screen_background_light"
            app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.35"
            app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.5"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
    
    Expand
  2. In MainActivity.kt, in the onCreate() function, set the arrayAdapter to the listView. The ArrayAdapter will create and populate the listView with TextViews as required.

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        override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            setContentView(activityMainBinding.root)
    
            listView.adapter = arrayAdapter
    
            setApiKeyForApp()
    
            setupMap()
    
        }
    
    Expand

Create an addStop function

A RouteTask requires at least a single origin and destination stop to find a route. Create a function to handle user interaction with the map and to add stops and display them as graphics when the map is tapped.

  1. Create an addStop(stop) function.

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        private fun addStop(stop: Stop) {
    
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    Expand
  2. Add the stop to the MutableList<Stop> named routeStops.

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        private fun addStop(stop: Stop) {
    
            routeStops.add(stop)
    
        }
    
    Expand
  3. Create a SimpleMarkerSymbol and use the stop's Geometry to create a new Graphic and add it to the graphicsOverlay.

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        private fun addStop(stop: Stop) {
    
            routeStops.add(stop)
    
            // create a blue circle symbol for the stop
            val stopMarker = SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE, Color.BLUE, 20f)
            // get the stop's geometry
            val routeStopGeometry = stop.geometry
            // add graphic to graphics overlay
            graphicsOverlay.graphics.add(Graphic(routeStopGeometry, stopMarker))
    
        }
    
    Expand

Create a findRoute function

A route task makes a request to a service and returns the results. Solve the route between the origin and destination stops using a RouteTask, which accesses a routing service. A routing service with global coverage is part of ArcGIS location services. You can also publish custom routing services using ArcGIS Enterprise.

  1. Create a findRoute() function.

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        private fun findRoute() {
    
        }
    
    Expand
  2. Create a RouteTask with a string URL to reference the routing service.

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        private fun findRoute() {
    
            val routeTask = RouteTask(
                this,
                "https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World"
            )
    
        }
    
    Expand
  3. Get default RouteParameters from the routeTask and set the return directions property to true. This specifies that the route results should include turn-by-turn directions. Also, set the routeStops list to the routeParameters with setStops(routeStops).

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        private fun findRoute() {
    
            val routeTask = RouteTask(
                this,
                "https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World"
            )
    
            val routeParametersFuture = routeTask.createDefaultParametersAsync()
            routeParametersFuture.addDoneListener {
                try {
                    val routeParameters = routeParametersFuture.get().apply {
                        isReturnDirections = true
                        setStops(routeStops)
                    }
    
                } catch (e: Exception) {
                    val error = "Error creating default route parameters: " + e.message
                    Toast.makeText(this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                    Log.e(MainActivity::class.simpleName, error)
                }
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand
  4. To find the route between the origin and destination stops, solve the route using the RouteTask with the routeParameters.

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            val routeParametersFuture = routeTask.createDefaultParametersAsync()
            routeParametersFuture.addDoneListener {
                try {
                    val routeParameters = routeParametersFuture.get().apply {
                        isReturnDirections = true
                        setStops(routeStops)
                    }
    
                    // get the route and display it
                    val routeResultFuture = routeTask.solveRouteAsync(routeParameters)
                    routeResultFuture.addDoneListener {
                        try {
    
                        } catch (e: Exception) {
                            val error = "Error solving route: " + e.message
                            Toast.makeText(this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                            Log.e(MainActivity::class.simpleName, error)
                        }
                    }
    
                } catch (e: Exception) {
                    val error = "Error creating default route parameters: " + e.message
                    Toast.makeText(this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                    Log.e(MainActivity::class.simpleName, error)
                }
            }
    
    Expand
  5. Obtain a RouteResult (the result is a collection of computed routes) and get the list of Routes from the result. Each element represents an independent route with its own driving directions. The routing service only returns the optimal route. Check that a route was returned, and retrieve the first one.

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                    // get the route and display it
                    val routeResultFuture = routeTask.solveRouteAsync(routeParameters)
                    routeResultFuture.addDoneListener {
                        try {
    
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                            val routes = result.routes
                            if (routes.isNotEmpty()) {
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                            }
    
                        } catch (e: Exception) {
                            val error = "Error solving route: " + e.message
                            Toast.makeText(this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                            Log.e(MainActivity::class.simpleName, error)
                        }
                    }
    
    Expand
  6. Display this route on the map by creating a new Graphic using the route's Geometry and a SimpleLineSymbol, and adding it to the graphicsOverlay.

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                            val result = routeResultFuture.get()
                            val routes = result.routes
                            if (routes.isNotEmpty()) {
                                val route = routes[0]
    
                                val shape = route.routeGeometry
                                val routeGraphic = Graphic(
                                    shape,
                                    SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, Color.BLUE, 2f)
                                )
                                graphicsOverlay.graphics.add(routeGraphic)
    
                            }
    
    Expand
  7. You can get driving directions from the route service by passing true to the setReturnDirections() method on RouteParameters. To display the driving directions, get each DirectionManeuver from the route, and add them to the listView.

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                            val result = routeResultFuture.get()
                            val routes = result.routes
                            if (routes.isNotEmpty()) {
                                val route = routes[0]
    
                                val shape = route.routeGeometry
                                val routeGraphic = Graphic(
                                    shape,
                                    SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, Color.BLUE, 2f)
                                )
                                graphicsOverlay.graphics.add(routeGraphic)
    
                                // get the direction text for each maneuver and display it as a list in the UI
                                directionsList.clear()
                                route.directionManeuvers.forEach { directionsList.add(it.directionText) }
                                arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
    
                            }
    
    Expand

Create a clear function

Create a function to clear the current route.

  1. This function will clear the routeStops list, clear any Graphics from the graphicsOverlay, and reset the listView.

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                } catch (e: Exception) {
                    val error = "Error creating default route parameters: " + e.message
                    Toast.makeText(this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                    Log.e(MainActivity::class.simpleName, error)
                }
            }
    
        }
    
        private fun clear() {
            routeStops.clear()
            graphicsOverlay.graphics.clear()
            directionsList.clear()
            directionsList.add("Tap to add two points to the map to find a route between them.")
            arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
        }
    
    Expand

Handle user input

  1. Create a DefaultMapViewOnTouchListener and override onSingleTapConfirmed with a Kotlin when expression.

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            mapView.apply {
                // set the map on the map view
                this.map = map
    
                setViewpoint(Viewpoint(34.0539, -118.2453, 144447.638572))
    
                graphicsOverlays.add(graphicsOverlay)
    
                onTouchListener =
                    object : DefaultMapViewOnTouchListener(this@MainActivity, mapView) {
                        override fun onSingleTapConfirmed(e: MotionEvent): Boolean {
                            val screenPoint = android.graphics.Point(e.x.roundToInt(), e.y.roundToInt())
                            when (routeStops.size) {
                                // on first tap, add a stop
                                0 -> {
                                    addStop(Stop(mapView.screenToLocation(screenPoint)))
                                }
                                // on second tap, add a stop and find route between them
                                1 -> {
                                    addStop(Stop(mapView.screenToLocation(screenPoint)))
                                    findRoute()
                                    Toast.makeText(
                                        applicationContext,
                                        "Calculating route.",
                                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                                    ).show()
                                }
                                // on a further tap, clear and add a new first stop
                                else -> {
                                    clear()
                                    addStop(Stop(mapView.screenToLocation(screenPoint)))
                                }
                            }
                            return true
                        }
                    }
    
            }
    
    Expand
  2. Click Run > Run > app to run the app.

The map should support two taps to create origin and destination points and then use the route service to display the resulting route and turn-by-turn directions.

What's next?

To explore more API features and ArcGIS location services, try the following tutorial:

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