Tutorial: Query features (SQL)

Learn how to execute a SQL query to access polygon features in a feature service.

Query features with SQL using API key authentication

A feature service hosted in a portal can contain a large number of features. To access a subset of the features, you can execute a SQL or spatial query, or both at the same time. Your query can return the attributes, geometry, or both attributes and geometry for each record. SQL and spatial queries are useful when a feature layer is very large and you just want to access a subset of the data.

In this tutorial, you perform server-side SQL queries to return a subset of the features from the LA County Parcels feature service. The feature service contains over 2.4 million features. The resulting features are displayed as a GeoJsonDataSource using CesiumJS.

Prerequisites

Steps

Get the starter app

Select a type of authentication below and follow the steps to create a new application.

You can choose one of the following to create a new CodePen:

  • Option 1: Complete the Display a scene tutorial; or,
  • Option 2: Start from the Display a scene tutorial .

Set up authentication

Create developer credentials in your portal for the type of authentication you selected.

Create a new API key credential with the correct privileges to access the resources used in this tutorial.

  1. Go to the Create an API key tutorial and create an API key with the following privilege(s):
    • Privileges
      • Location services > Basemaps
  2. Copy the API key access token to your clipboard when prompted.

Set developer credentials

Use the API key or OAuth developer credentials created in the previous step in your application.

  1. Add <script> elements in the HTML <body> and create an accessToken variable to store your access token. Set YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN with the access token you previously copied from your API key credentials.

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      <script>
    
        /* Use for API key authentication */
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
      </script>
    
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  2. Set the defaultAccessToken included with Cesium to authenticate requests to the ArcGIS services used in this tutorial.

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      <script>
    
        /* Use for API key authentication */
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
      </script>
    
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Get a Cesium ion access token

All Cesium applications must use an access token provided through Cesium ion. This token allows you to access assets such as Cesium World Terrain in your application.

  1. Go to your Cesium ion dashboard to generate an access token. Copy the key to your clipboard.

  2. Create a cesiumAccessToken variable and replace YOUR_CESIUM_ACCESS_TOKEN with the access token you copied from the Cesium ion dashboard.

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      <script>
    
        /* Use for API key authentication */
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        // or
    
        /* Use for user authentication */
        // const session = await arcgisRest.ArcGISIdentityManager.beginOAuth2({
        //   clientId: "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", // Your client ID from OAuth credentials
        //   redirectUri: "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL", // The redirect URL registered in your OAuth credentials
        //   portal: "YOUR_PORTAL_URL" // Your portal URL
        // })
    
        // const accessToken = session.token;
    
        Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
        const cesiumAccessToken = "YOUR_CESIUM_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
      </script>
    
  3. Configure Cesium.Ion.defaultAccessToken with the Cesium access token to validate the application.

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      <script>
    
        /* Use for API key authentication */
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        // or
    
        /* Use for user authentication */
        // const session = await arcgisRest.ArcGISIdentityManager.beginOAuth2({
        //   clientId: "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", // Your client ID from OAuth credentials
        //   redirectUri: "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL", // The redirect URL registered in your OAuth credentials
        //   portal: "YOUR_PORTAL_URL" // Your portal URL
        // })
    
        // const accessToken = session.token;
    
        Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
        const cesiumAccessToken = "YOUR_CESIUM_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        Cesium.Ion.defaultAccessToken = cesiumAccessToken;
    
      </script>
    

Add references to ArcGIS REST JS

  1. In the <head> element, reference the feature-service and request packages from ArcGIS REST JS.

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        <script src="https://cesium.com/downloads/cesiumjs/releases/1.121/Build/Cesium/Cesium.js"></script>
        <link href="https://cesium.com/downloads/cesiumjs/releases/1.121/Build/Cesium/Widgets/widgets.css" rel="stylesheet">
    
        <script src="https://unpkg.com/@esri/arcgis-rest-request@4/dist/bundled/request.umd.js"></script>
        <script src="https://unpkg.com/@esri/arcgis-rest-feature-service@4/dist/bundled/feature-service.umd.js"></script>
    
    
  2. In the <body>, create an arcgisRest.ApiKeyManager using your access token to authenticate requests to the feature service.

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        /* Use for API key authentication */
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        // or
    
        /* Use for user authentication */
        // const session = await arcgisRest.ArcGISIdentityManager.beginOAuth2({
        //   clientId: "YOUR_CLIENT_ID", // Your client ID from OAuth credentials
        //   redirectUri: "YOUR_REDIRECT_URL", // The redirect URL registered in your OAuth credentials
        //   portal: "YOUR_PORTAL_URL" // Your portal URL
        // })
    
        // const accessToken = session.token;
    
        Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
        const authentication = arcgisRest.ApiKeyManager.fromKey(accessToken);
    

Create a query selector

ArcGIS feature layers support a standard SQL query where clause. Use a drop-down <select> element to provide a list of SQL queries for the LA County Parcels feature layer.

  1. Create a <select> HTML element that allows the user to select different SQL queries. Construct each SQL query based on the values of attributes in the LA County Parcels layer, such as UseType and TaxRateArea.

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    <body>
      <div id="cesiumContainer"></div>
    
      <select id="query-select">
        <option value="">Choose a WHERE clause...</option>
        <option value="UseType = 'Residential'">UseType = 'Residential'</option>
        <option value="UseType = 'Government'">UseType = 'Government'</option>
        <option value="UseType = 'Irrigated Farm'">UseType = 'Irrigated Farm'</option>
        <option value="TaxRateArea = 10853">TaxRateArea = 10853</option>
        <option value="TaxRateArea = 10860" selected>TaxRateArea = 10860</option>
        <option value="TaxRateArea = 08637">TaxRateArea = 08637</option>
        <option value="Roll_LandValue > 1000000">Roll_LandValue &gt; 1000000</option>
        <option value="Roll_LandValue < 1000000">Roll_LandValue &lt; 1000000</option>
      </select>
    
      <script>
    
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  2. Style the <select> element so that it displays properly in your application.

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      <style>
        html,
        body,
        #cesiumContainer {
          width: 100%;
          height: 100%;
          padding: 0px;
          margin: 0px;
        }
    
    
        #query-select {
          position: absolute;
          top: 8px;
          left: 8px;
          padding: 4px 8px;
          font-size: 16px;
          border-radius: 0;
        }
    
    
      </style>
    
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Query the parcel layer

When the user selects a SQL query, use the ArcGIS REST JS queryFeatures operation to query the LA County Parcels feature layer.

  1. Copy the URL of the LA County Parcels feature layer.

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        const layerName = "LA_County_Parcels";
        const layerURL = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/" + layerName + "/FeatureServer/0";
    
    
    Expand
  2. Add the data attribution for the feature layer source.

    • Go to the LA County Parcels item.
    • Scroll down to the Credits (Attribution) section and copy its value.
    • Create an attribution property and paste the attribution value from the item.
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          const layerName = "LA_County_Parcels";
          const layerURL = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/" + layerName + "/FeatureServer/0";
      
          // Attribution text retrieved from https://arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=a6fdf2ee0e454393a53ba32b9838b303
          viewer.creditDisplay.addStaticCredit(new Cesium.Credit("County of Los Angeles Office of the Assessor", false));
      
      
      Expand
  3. Define a new performQuery function that takes a SQL query string as input.

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        const layerName = "LA_County_Parcels";
        const layerURL = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/" + layerName + "/FeatureServer/0";
    
        // Attribution text retrieved from https://arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=a6fdf2ee0e454393a53ba32b9838b303
        viewer.creditDisplay.addStaticCredit(new Cesium.Credit("County of Los Angeles Office of the Assessor", false));
    
        function performQuery(whereClause) {
    
        }
    
    Expand
  4. Query the feature layer using the queryFeatures operation. Pass the whereClause paramater as well as your authentication object. Format results as geojson.

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        const layerName = "LA_County_Parcels";
        const layerURL = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/" + layerName + "/FeatureServer/0";
    
        // Attribution text retrieved from https://arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=a6fdf2ee0e454393a53ba32b9838b303
        viewer.creditDisplay.addStaticCredit(new Cesium.Credit("County of Los Angeles Office of the Assessor", false));
    
        function performQuery(whereClause) {
    
          arcgisRest.queryFeatures({
            url: layerURL,
            authentication,
            f: "geojson",
            returnGeometry: true,
    
            where: whereClause,
    
          })
    
        }
    
    Expand
  5. Add an event listener to your <select> HTML element. When the selected value changes, call the performQuery function.

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        const layerName = "LA_County_Parcels";
        const layerURL = "https://services3.arcgis.com/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/" + layerName + "/FeatureServer/0";
    
        // Attribution text retrieved from https://arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=a6fdf2ee0e454393a53ba32b9838b303
        viewer.creditDisplay.addStaticCredit(new Cesium.Credit("County of Los Angeles Office of the Assessor", false));
    
        function performQuery(whereClause) {
    
          arcgisRest.queryFeatures({
            url: layerURL,
            authentication,
            f: "geojson",
            returnGeometry: true,
    
            where: whereClause,
    
          })
    
        }
    
        const select = document.getElementById("query-select");
        select.addEventListener("change", () => {
    
          if (select.value !== "") {
            const whereClause = select.value;
            performQuery(whereClause);
          }
    
        });
    
    Expand

Set the query extent

The set of features returned by ArcGIS REST JS may not be visible from the current camera position. Add the camera position to the REST request as a geometry object to only return features that intersect the current viewable extent.

  1. Calculate the current viewable extent using the computeViewRectangle() function. Convert the result from radians to latitude and longitude in degrees.

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        function performQuery(whereClause) {
    
          const rect = viewer.camera.computeViewRectangle();
    
          const boundsRadian = [rect.east, rect.south, rect.west, rect.north];
          const boundsDegree = [];
    
          for (coordinate of boundsRadian) {
            boundsDegree.push(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(coordinate));
          }
    
          arcgisRest.queryFeatures({
            url: layerURL,
            authentication,
            f: "geojson",
            returnGeometry: true,
    
            where: whereClause,
    
          })
    
        }
    
    Expand
  2. Set the geometry parameter of your query to the extent, and specify the geometry type as esriGeometryEnvelope. Perform a spatial intersection to only return features that overlap with the extent.

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          arcgisRest.queryFeatures({
            url: layerURL,
            authentication,
            f: "geojson",
            returnGeometry: true,
    
            where: whereClause,
    
            geometry: boundsDegree,
            geometryType: "esriGeometryEnvelope",
            spatialRel: "esriSpatialRelIntersects",
            inSR: 4326,
    
          })
    
    Expand

Display results

After you perform a SQL query, add the resulting features to the scene as GeoJSON.

  1. Add the service response service to the scene as a GeoJsonDataSource.

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          arcgisRest.queryFeatures({
            url: layerURL,
            authentication,
            f: "geojson",
            returnGeometry: true,
    
            where: whereClause,
    
            geometry: boundsDegree,
            geometryType: "esriGeometryEnvelope",
            spatialRel: "esriSpatialRelIntersects",
            inSR: 4326,
    
          })
    
            .then((response) => {
    
              console.log(response)
              Cesium.GeoJsonDataSource.load(response, {
                outline: true,
              }).then((data) => {
                viewer.dataSources.add(data);
              })
    
            })
    
    Expand
  2. In the event listener, remove all previous query results by calling dataSources.removeAll.

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        const select = document.getElementById("query-select");
        select.addEventListener("change", () => {
    
          viewer.dataSources.removeAll();
    
          if (select.value !== "") {
            const whereClause = select.value;
            performQuery(whereClause);
          }
    
        });
    
    Expand

Run the app

Run the app.

When the scene loads, you should be able to use the query selector to display parcels. Click on a parcel to show a pop-up with the feature's attributes.

What's next?

Learn how to use additional ArcGIS location services in these tutorials:

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