Tutorial: Find service areas

Learn how to calculate the area that can be reached in a given driving time from a location.

A service area, also known as an isochrone, is a polygon that represents the area that can be reached when driving or walking on a street network. The area that can be reached is restricted by either time or distance. To calculate service areas, you can use the routing service. You provide a start location (facilities), one or more time or distance values, and a spatial reference. Once processed, the service returns the service areas that can be reached.

In this tutorial, you create and display five, ten, and fifteen minute drive time service areas when the map is clicked. You use data-driven styling to give each polygon a different shade of blue.

Prerequisites

You need an ArcGIS Location Platform or ArcGIS Online account.

Steps

Create a new pen

  1. To get started, either complete the Display a scene tutorial or .

Get an access token

You need an access token with the correct privileges to access the resources used in this tutorial.

  1. Go to the Create an API key tutorial and create an API key with the following privilege(s):

    • Privileges
      • Location services > Basemaps
      • Location services > Routing
  2. Copy the API key access token to your clipboard when prompted.

  3. In CodePen, update the accessToken variable to use your access token.

    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
          const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
          Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
          const cesiumAccessToken = "YOUR_CESIUM_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
          Cesium.Ion.defaultAccessToken = cesiumAccessToken;
    
          const arcGisImagery = Cesium.ArcGisMapServerImageryProvider.fromBasemapType(Cesium.ArcGisBaseMapType.SATELLITE);
    
          const viewer = new Cesium.Viewer("cesiumContainer", {
    
            baseLayer: Cesium.ImageryLayer.fromProviderAsync(arcGisImagery),
    
          });
    

To learn about the other types of authentication available, go to Types of authentication.

Add references to ArcGIS REST JS

  1. In the <head> element, reference the routing and request packages from ArcGIS REST JS.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
        <script src="https://cesium.com/downloads/cesiumjs/releases/1.121/Build/Cesium/Cesium.js"></script>
        <link href="https://cesium.com/downloads/cesiumjs/releases/1.121/Build/Cesium/Widgets/widgets.css" rel="stylesheet">
    
        <script src="https://unpkg.com/@esri/arcgis-rest-request@4/dist/bundled/request.umd.js"></script>
        <script src="https://unpkg.com/@esri/arcgis-rest-routing@4/dist/bundled/routing.umd.js"></script>
    
    
    Expand

Update the scene

This routing application uses a 3D object layer San Francisco. Update the scene extent to focus on San Francisco, CA.

  1. Update the setView command to center on location [-122.38329, 37.74015, 16000], San Francisco.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    134
    135
    136
    137
    138
    139
    140
    141
    142
    143
    144
    145
    146
    147
    148
    149
    150
    151
    152
    153
    154
    155
    156
    157
    158
    159
    160
    161
    162
    163
    164
    165
    166
    167
    168
    169
    170
    171
        viewer.camera.setView({
    
          destination : Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(8.68019, 50.1147 , 500),
          orientation : {
            heading: Cesium.Math.toRadians(-120),
            pitch : Cesium.Math.toRadians(-28.0),
          }
    
        });
    
    Expand
  2. Add the San Francisco Buildings 3D object layer to the scene as an I3SDataProvider.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    134
    135
    136
    137
    138
    139
    140
    141
    142
    143
    144
    145
    146
    147
    148
    149
    150
    151
    152
    153
    154
    155
    156
    157
    158
    159
    160
    161
    162
    163
    164
    165
    166
    167
    168
    169
    170
    171
        viewer.camera.setView({
    
          destination : Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(8.68019, 50.1147 , 500),
          orientation : {
            heading: Cesium.Math.toRadians(-120),
            pitch : Cesium.Math.toRadians(-28.0),
          }
    
        });
    
        const geoidService = await Cesium.ArcGISTiledElevationTerrainProvider.fromUrl("https://tiles.arcgis.com/tiles/GVgbJbqm8hXASVYi/arcgis/rest/services/EGM2008/ImageServer");
        const i3sProvider = await Cesium.I3SDataProvider.fromUrl("https://tiles.arcgis.com/tiles/cFEFS0EWrhfDeVw9/arcgis/rest/services/Buildings_Frankfurt_2021/SceneServer", {
            geoidTiledTerrainProvider: geoidService,
            token: accessToken
        })
        viewer.scene.primitives.add(i3sProvider);
    
    Expand

Create a starting location graphic

Create a Billboard entity to indicate the location from which a service area will be calculated. You can use Billboard entities to display custom pins and images.

  1. Add a new Billboard entity to the viewer to represent the origin location. Set the position of the entity to null.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        viewer.camera.setView({
    
          destination : Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(-122.38329, 37.74015, 16000),
          orientation : {
            pitch : Cesium.Math.toRadians(-70.0),
          }
    
        });
    
        const origin = viewer.entities.add({
            name:'start',
            position:null,
            billboard: {
                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM,
                heightReference: Cesium.HeightReference.CLAMP_TO_GROUND,
    
            }
        })
    
    Expand
  2. Create a PinBuilder and use it to set the image property of the billboard.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        const pinBuilder = new Cesium.PinBuilder();
    
        const origin = viewer.entities.add({
            name:'start',
            position:null,
            billboard: {
                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM,
                heightReference: Cesium.HeightReference.CLAMP_TO_GROUND,
    
                image: pinBuilder.fromColor(Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString('#ffffff'),48).toDataURL(),
    
            }
        })
    
    Expand

Add a click handler

Use an event handler to set the location of the origin and when a user clicks.

  1. Create a ScreenSpaceEventHandler for the Viewer that listens for left clicks. Create an onLeftClick function that runs when a click is detected.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
                image: pinBuilder.fromColor(Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString('#ffffff'),48).toDataURL(),
    
            }
        })
    
        viewer.screenSpaceEventHandler.setInputAction(movement => {
    
        },Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_CLICK);
    
    Expand
  2. Set the position of the origin entity to the coordinates of the clicked location. Call viewer.dataSources.removeAll() to remove stale service area polygons.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        viewer.screenSpaceEventHandler.setInputAction(movement => {
    
            const pickedPosition = viewer.scene.pickPosition(movement.position);
            origin.position = pickedPosition;
    
            viewer.dataSources.removeAll();
    
        },Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_CLICK);
    
    Expand

Get service areas

To calculate a service area from a point, use the ArcGIS REST JS serviceArea function to make a request to the routing service.

  1. Create a new arcgisRest.ApiKeyManager and set your access token.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    134
    135
    136
    137
    138
    139
    140
    141
    142
    143
    144
    145
    146
    147
    148
    149
    150
    151
    152
    153
    154
    155
    156
    157
    158
    159
    160
    161
    162
    163
    164
    165
    166
    167
    168
    169
    170
    171
        const accessToken = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN";
    
        Cesium.ArcGisMapService.defaultAccessToken = accessToken;
    
        const authentication = arcgisRest.ApiKeyManager.fromKey(accessToken);
    
    Expand
  2. Create a function called getServiceArea that accepts a coordinate pair. Inside, call arcgisRest.serviceArea and set the facilities parameter to the set of coordinates.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        viewer.screenSpaceEventHandler.setInputAction(movement => {
    
            const pickedPosition = viewer.scene.pickPosition(movement.position);
            origin.position = pickedPosition;
    
            viewer.dataSources.removeAll();
    
        },Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_CLICK);
    
        function getServiceArea(coordinates) {
            arcgisRest
            .serviceArea({
                facilities: [coordinates],
                authentication
            })
    
        }
    
    Expand
  3. Access the service response and add the returned GeoJSON to your application as a GeoJsonDataSource.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        function getServiceArea(coordinates) {
            arcgisRest
            .serviceArea({
                facilities: [coordinates],
                authentication
            })
    
            .then((response) => {
    
                const serviceJSON = response.saPolygons.geoJson;
    
                Cesium.GeoJsonDataSource.load(serviceJSON,{
                        clampToGround:true
                })
                .then((dataSource)=>{
                    viewer.dataSources.add(dataSource);
    
                });
            })
    
        }
    
    Expand
  4. Set the material of each service area polygon based on its drive time from the origin using the FromBreak property.

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
            .then((response) => {
    
                const serviceJSON = response.saPolygons.geoJson;
    
                Cesium.GeoJsonDataSource.load(serviceJSON,{
                        clampToGround:true
                })
                .then((dataSource)=>{
                    viewer.dataSources.add(dataSource);
    
                    const entities = dataSource.entities.values;
    
                    for (let i=0; i<entities.length;i++) {
                        const feature = entities[i];
                        feature.polygon.outline = false;
                        if (feature.properties.FromBreak == 0) {
                            feature.polygon.material = Cesium.Color.fromHsl(0.5833,.8,.4,.7);
                            feature.polygon.extrudedHeight = 300;
                        }
                        else if (feature.properties.FromBreak == 5) {
                            feature.polygon.material = Cesium.Color.fromHsl(0.5833,.8,.6,.7);
                            feature.polygon.extrudedHeight = 200;
                        }
                        else {
                            feature.polygon.material = Cesium.Color.fromHsl(0.5833,.8,.8,.7);
                            feature.polygon.extrudedHeight = 100;
                        }
                    }
    
                });
            })
    
    Expand
  5. In your onLeftClick function, convert the coordinates of the user's click from Cartesian to longitude and latitude degrees. Call getServiceArea with the longitude and latitude

    Expand
    Use dark colors for code blocks
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
        viewer.screenSpaceEventHandler.setInputAction(movement => {
    
            const pickedPosition = viewer.scene.pickPosition(movement.position);
            origin.position = pickedPosition;
    
            viewer.dataSources.removeAll();
    
            const cartographic = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(pickedPosition);
            const originLatLng = [Cesium.Math.toDegrees(cartographic.longitude),Cesium.Math.toDegrees(cartographic.latitude)]
    
            getServiceArea(originLatLng);
    
        },Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_CLICK);
    
    Expand

Run the app

In CodePen, run your code to display the map.

When the application loads, you should be able to click on a locations to create an origin point. The routing service should then calculate drive time polygons representing the areas reachable within a 5, 10, and 15 minute drive.

What's next?

Learn how to use additional ArcGIS location services in these tutorials:

Your browser is no longer supported. Please upgrade your browser for the best experience. See our browser deprecation post for more details.