Optimized routing

optimized routing

An optimized route that reorders stops to minimize the distance and time required to visit all locations.

What is optimized routing?

Optimized routing, also known as the traveling salesperson problem (TRP), is the process of finding the best route to travel for a single vehicle when you need to stop at multiple destinations. Optimized routing differs from simple routing because it can reorder the sequence of stops to create the most efficient route possible, while minimizing the travel distance or travel time. Simple routing does not change the order of the stops you provide. Both simple and optimized routing take into consideration different restrictions such as speed limit, number of lanes, road conditions, and other barriers.

You can use optimized routing to:

  • Find the most efficient sequence of stops to multiple destinations.
  • Find the quickest and most effective path from an origin to multiple locations.
  • Generate driving directions in multiple languages.

How optimized routing works

The typical workflow for creating an optimized route is to:

  1. Define the origin, stops, and destination.
  2. Define the type of travel for the route.
  3. Set the findBestSequence parameter to true. Unless specified, the first and last stops you provide will be kept.
  4. Access the routing service to find the route features and directions.

How to navigate a route

Once you have a route, if you want to use your current device's location to track progress and provide navigation instructions (voice guidance) as you traverse the route, the best way to accomplish this is with the ArcGIS Maps SDKs for Native Apps.

URL requests

You can find a route and directions by making an HTTPS request to the routing service solve operation or by using client APIs. Specify the origin, destination, and optionally, additional parameters to refine the results with directions. Some of the most common parameters are described provided below.

Required parameters

NameDescriptionExamples
fThe format of the data returned.f=json f=pjson f=geojson f=html
tokenAn API key or OAuth 2.0 access token.token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>
stopsThe two or more locations that need to be visited in the route.stops=-117,34; -117.5,34.5
findBestSequenceSpecify whether the service should find the best sequence when visiting multiple destinations. Note: Set this parameter to true to generate an optimized route.findBestSequence=true

Direct

Use for shorter transactions with less than 150 stops that will complete in less than 5 minutes.

Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
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https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World/solve?<parameters>
Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
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https://route.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World/solve?<parameters>

Key parameters

Name (Direct)DescriptionExamples
travelModeThe mode of transportation such as driving a car or a truck or walking.travelMode=JSON Object
startTimeThe time at which travel begins from the input stops. You can also specify a value of now, to set the depart time to the current time.startTime=now
returnDirectionsGenerate driving directions for each route.returnDirections=true
directionsLanguageThe language to be used when generating driving directions.directionsLanguage=es

Additional parameters: Set additional constraints for a route such as temporary slowdowns, using polygonBarriers, or set outputLines to specify the type of route feature created by the service.

Job

Use for longer transactions with up to 10,000 stops that will complete in less than 60 minutes.

Use dark colors for code blocksCopy
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https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/GPServer/FindRoutes/submitJob?<parameters>

Required parameters

NameDescriptionExamples
fThe format of the data returned.f=json f=pjson f=geojson f=html
tokenAn API key or OAuth 2.0 access token.token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>
stopsThe two or more locations that need to be visited in the route.stops=-117,34; -117.5,34.5
reorder_stops_to_find_optimal_routesSpecify whether the service should find the best sequence when visiting multiple destinations. Note:Set this parameter to true to return an optimized route.reorder_stops_to_find_optimal_routes=true

Key parameters

Name (Job)DescriptionExamples
travel_modeThe mode of transportation such as driving a car or a truck or walking.travel_mode=JSON Object
time_of_dayThe time at which travel begins from the input stops.time_of_day=1608022800000
populate_directionsGenerate driving directions for each route.populate_directions=true
directions_languageThe language to be used when generating driving directions.directions_language=es

Additional parameters: Set additional constraints such as temporary slowdowns, using polygon_barriers, route_shape to specify the type of route feature created by the service, or set return_to_start if the start and end location for your route is same.

Code examples

Direct: Find an optimized route to restaurants

In this example, you find the best delivery route for ten restaurants in downtown San Diego. The default travelMode is driving time by vehicle, but you can use walk or trucking travel modes as well. The startTime is set as now, which sets the route departure time as the current time and the service will use the current traffic conditions. The findBestSequence parameter is set to true so that the service reorders the stops to generate the best route sequence.

direct optimized routing

Find an optimized route for ten stops.

APIs

ArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS Maps SDK for .NETArcGIS Maps SDK for SwiftArcGIS Maps SDK for KotlinArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaArcGIS Maps SDK for QtArcGIS API for PythonArcGIS REST JSEsri LeafletMapLibre GL JSOpenLayersCesiumJS
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        const findRoutes = () => {
          stopsFL.queryFeatures().then(graphics => {
            const optRouteParams = new EsriRouteParams({
              apiKey: appConfig._apiKey,
              findBestSequence: true,
              returnStops: true,
              stops: graphics,
              returnDirections: true,
            })

            EsriRoute.solve(appConfig.routeUrl, optRouteParams).then(
              routeSolveDidComplete
            )
          })
        }

REST API

cURLcURLHTTP
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curl https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World/solve? \
-d "f=json" \
-d "token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>" \
-d 'stops={
  "spatialReference": {
    "wkid": 4326
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {

Job: Find an optimized route for a truck delivery

In this example, you use a job request to find the best route sequence for 36 stops for a delivery truck for an area around San Diego. The travel_mode is set to find the trucking time and the reorder_stops_to_find_optimal_routes parameter is set to true so that the service reorders the stops and creates the best sequence for the delivery route.

job optimized routing

Find an optimized route for a truck delivery with 36 stops.

APIs

ArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS Maps SDK for JavaScriptArcGIS API for PythonArcGIS REST JS
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        const findRoutes = () => {
          showLoader(true)
          stopsFL.queryFeatures().then(graphics => {
            const optRouteParams = {
              reorder_stops_to_find_optimal_routes: true,
              stops: graphics,
              travel_mode: appConfig.travelMode,
            }

            EsriGeoprocessor.submitJob(appConfig.routeUrl, optRouteParams).then(
              results => {
                const jobOptions = {
                  statusCallback: j => {
                    console.log("job status", j.jobStatus)
                  },
                }

                results.waitForJobCompletion(jobOptions).then(ji => {
                  Promise.all([
                    ji.fetchResultData("output_routes"),
                    ji.fetchResultData("output_stops"),
                  ]).then(routeSolveDidComplete)
                })
              }
            )
          })
        }

REST API

Unlike Direct request type which allows you to make a request and get back all the results in the response, when working with a Job request type, you need to follow a three step workflow:

  1. Make the submitJob request with the appropriate request parameters to get a job id.
  2. Using the job id, check the job status to see if the job completed successfully.
  3. Use the job id to get one or more results.
cURLcURLHTTP
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curl https://logistics.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/GPServer/FindRoutes/submitJob? \
-d "f=pjson" \
-d "token=<ACCESS_TOKEN>" \
-d "stops={
  "spatialReference": { "wkid": 4326, "latestWkid": 4326 },
  "features": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "Name": "The Fish Market",
        "Address": "750 North Harbor Drive, San Diego, 92101",
        "ObjectId": 1,
        "InspectionRequired": 1
      },
      "geometry": { "x": -117.17559797523053, "y": 32.712305986096304 }
    },
Response (JSON)
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{
  "jobId": "<JOB_ID>",
  "jobStatus": "esriJobSubmitted"
}

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