Find a route and directions

Learn how to find a route and directions with the route service.

find a route and directions

Routing is the process of finding the path from an origin to a destination in a street network. You can use the Routing service to find routes, get driving directions, calculate drive times, and solve complicated, multiple vehicle routing problems. To create a route, you typically define a set of stops (origin and one or more destinations) and use the service to find a route with directions. You can also use a number of additional parameters such as barriers and mode of travel to refine the results.

In this tutorial, you define an origin and destination by clicking on the map. These values are used to get a route and directions from the route service. The directions are also displayed on the map.

Prerequisites

Before starting this tutorial:

  1. You need an ArcGIS Location Platform or ArcGIS Online account.

  2. Your system meets the system requirements.

Steps

Get an access token

You need an access token to use the location services used in this tutorial.

  1. Go to the Create an API key tutorial to obtain an access token.

  2. Ensure that the following privileges are enabled: Location services > Basemaps > Basemap styles service and Location services > Routing.

  3. Copy the access token as it will be used in the next step.

To learn more about other ways to get an access token, go to Types of authentication.

Open the Xcode project

  1. To start the tutorial, complete the Display a map tutorial or download and unzip the solution.

  2. Open the .xcodeproj file in Xcode.

  3. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click AppDelegate.swift.

  4. In the editor, set the APIKey property on the AGSArcGISRuntimeEnvironment with your access token.

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        func application(_ application: UIApplication,
                         didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
    
            AGSArcGISRuntimeEnvironment.apiKey = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
    
            return true
        }
    
    Expand

Update the map

A navigation basemap layer is typically used in routing applications. Update the basemap to use the .arcGISNavigation basemap style, and change the position of the map to center on Los Angeles.

  1. Update the AGSBasemap style property from .arcGISTopographic to .arcGISNavigation and update the latitude and longitude coordinates to center on Los Angeles.

    ViewController.swift
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        private func setupMap() {
    
            mapView.map = AGSMap(basemapStyle: .arcGISNavigation)
            mapView.setViewpoint(
                AGSViewpoint(
                    latitude: 34.05293,
                    longitude: -118.24368,
                    scale: 288_895
                )
            )
        }
    
    Expand

Receive map view touch events

The app will use locations derived from a user tapping the map view to generate the stops of a route. Conform the view controller to receive touch events from the map view. The locations derived from a user tapping the map view will be used to generate routes in a later step.

  1. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click ViewController.swift.

  2. In the editor, extend ViewController to conform to the AGSGeoViewTouchDelegate protocol and include the geoView:didTapAtScreenPoint:mapPoint:() geoview touch delegate method.

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    // MARK: - GeoView Touch Delegate
    
    extension ViewController: AGSGeoViewTouchDelegate {
    
        func geoView(_ geoView: AGSGeoView, didTapAtScreenPoint screenPoint: CGPoint, mapPoint: AGSPoint) {
    
        }
    
    }
  3. In the setupMap() method, assign ViewController to mapView.delegate.

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    private func setupMap() {

        mapView.touchDelegate = self

        mapView.map = AGSMap(basemapStyle: .arcGISNavigation)
        mapView.setViewpoint(
            AGSViewpoint(
                latitude: 34.05293,
                longitude: -118.24368,
                scale: 288_895
            )
        )
    }
Expand

Add graphics to the map view

A graphics overlay is a container for graphics. Graphics are added as a visual means to display the search result on the map.

  1. Create a private AGSGraphic property named startGraphic. This graphic will be used to display the route's start location.

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        // MARK: - Route Graphics
    
        private let startGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleMarkerSymbol(style: .circle, color: .white, size: 8)
            symbol.outline = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .black, width: 1)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
    
    Expand
  2. Create a private AGSGraphic property named endGraphic. This graphic will be used to display the route's end location.

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        // MARK: - Route Graphics
    
        private let startGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleMarkerSymbol(style: .circle, color: .white, size: 8)
            symbol.outline = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .black, width: 1)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
        private let endGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleMarkerSymbol(style: .circle, color: .black, size: 8)
            symbol.outline = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .black, width: 1)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
    
    Expand
  3. Create a private AGSGraphic property named routeGraphic. This graphic will be used to display the route line.

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        private let endGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleMarkerSymbol(style: .circle, color: .black, size: 8)
            symbol.outline = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .black, width: 1)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
        private let routeGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .blue, width: 3)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
    Expand
  4. Define a private method named addGraphics(). In addGraphics() create an AGSGraphicsOverlay. Append startGraphic, endGraphic, and routeGraphic to the graphics overlay and add the graphics overlay to the map view.

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        private let routeGraphic: AGSGraphic = {
            let symbol = AGSSimpleLineSymbol(style: .solid, color: .blue, width: 3)
            let graphic = AGSGraphic(geometry: nil, symbol: symbol)
            return graphic
        }()
    
        private func addGraphics() {
            let routeGraphics = AGSGraphicsOverlay()
            mapView.graphicsOverlays.add(routeGraphics)
            routeGraphics.graphics.addObjects(from: [routeGraphic, startGraphic, endGraphic])
        }
    
    Expand
  5. In the viewDidLoad() method, call addGraphics().

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        override func viewDidLoad() {
            super.viewDidLoad()
            setupMap()
    
            addGraphics()
    
        }
    
    Expand

Define app route builder status

The app will leverage a state-machine design pattern to ensure the contents of the map reflect the state of gathering the route parameters and generating the route result. This design pattern supports wrangling multiple asynchronous requests to the world routing service into a single state variable result, ensuring the reliability of route results.

  1. Define an enum named RouteBuilderStatus with four cases. These four cases are used to gather route parameters and display the route's result, over time.

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        // MARK: - Route Builder
    
        private enum RouteBuilderStatus {
            case none
            case selectedStart(AGSPoint)
            case selectedStartAndEnd(AGSPoint, AGSPoint)
            case routeSolved(AGSPoint, AGSPoint, AGSRoute)
    
        }
    
    
    Expand
  2. Define a method of RouteBuilderStatus named nextStatusWith:point(). This method is used to step through generating a route, over time.

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        // MARK: - Route Builder
    
        private enum RouteBuilderStatus {
            case none
            case selectedStart(AGSPoint)
            case selectedStartAndEnd(AGSPoint, AGSPoint)
            case routeSolved(AGSPoint, AGSPoint, AGSRoute)
    
            func nextStatus(with point: AGSPoint) -> RouteBuilderStatus {
                switch self {
                case .none:
                    return .selectedStart(point)
                case .selectedStart(let start):
                    return .selectedStartAndEnd(start, point)
                case .selectedStartAndEnd:
                    return .selectedStart(point)
                case .routeSolved:
                    return .selectedStart(point)
                }
            }
    
        }
    
    
    Expand
  3. Create a private RouteBuilderStatus property named status. Set the default value .none.

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        private var status: RouteBuilderStatus = .none {
            didSet {
                switch status {
                case .none:
                    startGraphic.geometry = nil
                    endGraphic.geometry = nil
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                case .selectedStart(let start):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = nil
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                case .selectedStartAndEnd(let start, let end):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = end
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                case .routeSolved(let start, let end, let route):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = end
                    routeGraphic.geometry = route.routeGeometry
                }
            }
        }
    
    Expand

Add a UI to display driving directions

To display the turn-by-turn directions from the route, a UI element is required.

  1. Create a private lazy UIBarButtonItem property named directionsButton. Lazy loading the bar button item guarantees self is created prior to assigning the button's target.

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        // MARK: - Directions Button
    
        private lazy var directionsButton: UIBarButtonItem = {
            let button = UIBarButtonItem(title: "Show Directions", style: .plain, target: self, action: #selector(displayDirections))
            button.isEnabled = false
            return button
        }()
    
    
    Expand
  2. Define a method named displayDirections:() and assign it the @objc keyword. The @objc method keyword exposes the method to Objective-C, a necessary step for using the UIBarButtonItem API.

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        // MARK: - Directions Button
    
        private lazy var directionsButton: UIBarButtonItem = {
            let button = UIBarButtonItem(title: "Show Directions", style: .plain, target: self, action: #selector(displayDirections))
            button.isEnabled = false
            return button
        }()
    
        @objc
        func displayDirections(_ sender: AnyObject) {
            guard case let .routeSolved(_, _, route) = status else { return }
            let directions = route.directionManeuvers.enumerated()
                .reduce(into: "\n") { $0 += "\($1.offset + 1). \($1.element.directionText).\n\n" }
            let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Directions", message: directions, preferredStyle: .alert)
            let okay = UIAlertAction(title: "Hide Directions", style: .default, handler: nil)
            alert.addAction(okay)
            present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
        }
    
    Expand
  3. In the status property's didSet closure, update each state to enable or disable the directionsButton. The directions button should be enabled only if the route is solved.

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        private var status: RouteBuilderStatus = .none {
            didSet {
                switch status {
                case .none:
                    startGraphic.geometry = nil
                    endGraphic.geometry = nil
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                    directionsButton.isEnabled = false
                case .selectedStart(let start):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = nil
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                    directionsButton.isEnabled = false
                case .selectedStartAndEnd(let start, let end):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = end
                    routeGraphic.geometry = nil
                    directionsButton.isEnabled = false
                case .routeSolved(let start, let end, let route):
                    startGraphic.geometry = start
                    endGraphic.geometry = end
                    routeGraphic.geometry = route.routeGeometry
                    directionsButton.isEnabled = true
                }
            }
        }
    
    Expand
  4. In viewDidLoad(), set the navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem to directionsButton.

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        override func viewDidLoad() {
            super.viewDidLoad()
            setupMap()
    
            addGraphics()
    
            navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = directionsButton
    
        }
    
    Expand
  5. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click Main.storyboard.

  6. In the editor, select ViewController. In the menu bar, click Editor > Embed In > Navigation Controller.

Create a route task and route parameters

A task makes a request to a service and returns the results. Use the AGSRouteTask class to access a routing service. A routing service with global coverage is part of ArcGIS location services. You can also publish custom routing services using ArcGIS Enterprise.

  1. In Xcode, in the Project Navigator, click ViewController.swift.

  2. In the editor, create a private AGSRouteTask property named routeTask with the routing service.

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        // MARK: - Route Task
    
        private let routeTask: AGSRouteTask = {
            let worldRoutingService = URL(string: "https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World")!
            return AGSRouteTask(url: worldRoutingService)
        }()
    
    
    Expand
  3. Create a private optional AGSCancelable property named currentSolveRouteOperation.

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        private let routeTask: AGSRouteTask = {
            let worldRoutingService = URL(string: "https://route-api.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/World/Route/NAServer/Route_World")!
            return AGSRouteTask(url: worldRoutingService)
        }()
    
        private var currentSolveRouteOperation: AGSCancelable?
    
    Expand
  4. Define a private method named solveRouteStart:end:completion:() and cancel the current route task operation, if one exists.

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        private func solveRoute(start: AGSPoint, end: AGSPoint, completion: @escaping (Result<[AGSRoute], Error>) -> Void) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
        }
    
    Expand
  5. Get default AGSRouteParameters from the routeTask.

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        private func solveRoute(start: AGSPoint, end: AGSPoint, completion: @escaping (Result<[AGSRoute], Error>) -> Void) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation = routeTask.defaultRouteParameters { [weak self] (defaultParameters, error) in
                guard let self = self else { return }
                if let error = error {
                    completion(.failure(error))
                    return
                }
    
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand
  6. Modify the default parameters with start and end route stops provided by the user.

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        private func solveRoute(start: AGSPoint, end: AGSPoint, completion: @escaping (Result<[AGSRoute], Error>) -> Void) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation = routeTask.defaultRouteParameters { [weak self] (defaultParameters, error) in
                guard let self = self else { return }
                if let error = error {
                    completion(.failure(error))
                    return
                }
    
                guard let params = defaultParameters else { return }
                params.returnDirections = true
                params.setStops([AGSStop(point: start), AGSStop(point: end)])
    
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand
  7. Perform the solveRouteWithParameters:completion:() method and supply the parameters containing the route stops.

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        private func solveRoute(start: AGSPoint, end: AGSPoint, completion: @escaping (Result<[AGSRoute], Error>) -> Void) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation = routeTask.defaultRouteParameters { [weak self] (defaultParameters, error) in
                guard let self = self else { return }
                if let error = error {
                    completion(.failure(error))
                    return
                }
    
                guard let params = defaultParameters else { return }
                params.returnDirections = true
                params.setStops([AGSStop(point: start), AGSStop(point: end)])
    
                self.currentSolveRouteOperation = self.routeTask.solveRoute(with: params) { (routeResult, error) in
                    if let routes = routeResult?.routes {
                        completion(.success(routes))
                    } else if let error = error {
                        completion(.failure(error))
                    }
                }
    
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand

Generate a route from user tap gestures

A user's tap gestures are used to generate a route. The geo view touch delegate forwards messages from the map view to ViewController, allowing the app to decide what step to take next.

  1. Find the ViewController extension of AGSGeoViewTouchDelegate and the geoView:didTapAtScreenPoint:mapPoint:() method.

  2. Cancel the current solve route operation, if one exists.

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    extension ViewController: AGSGeoViewTouchDelegate {
    
        func geoView(_ geoView: AGSGeoView, didTapAtScreenPoint screenPoint: CGPoint, mapPoint: AGSPoint) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
        }
    
    }
  3. Set the next status using the RouteBuilderStatus's helper method, nextStatusWith:point().

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        func geoView(_ geoView: AGSGeoView, didTapAtScreenPoint screenPoint: CGPoint, mapPoint: AGSPoint) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
            status = status.nextStatus(with: mapPoint)
    
        }
    
    Expand
  4. If start and end locations are gathered, perform solveRoute:start:end(). The result is used to update status and draw the route's line on the map.

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    Expand
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        func geoView(_ geoView: AGSGeoView, didTapAtScreenPoint screenPoint: CGPoint, mapPoint: AGSPoint) {
    
            currentSolveRouteOperation?.cancel()
    
            status = status.nextStatus(with: mapPoint)
    
            if case let .selectedStartAndEnd(start, end) = status {
                solveRoute(start: start, end: end) { [weak self] (result) in
                    guard let self = self else { return }
                    switch result {
                    case .failure(let error):
                        print(error.localizedDescription)
                        self.status = .none
                    case .success(let routes):
                        if let route = routes.first {
                            self.status = .routeSolved(start, end, route)
                        } else {
                            self.status = .none
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
    
        }
    
    Expand
  5. Press Command + R to run the app.

The map should support two taps to create an origin and destination point and then use the route service to display the resulting route.

What's next?

Learn how to use additional API features, ArcGIS location services, and ArcGIS tools in these tutorials:

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