Edit geodatabase with transactions

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Use transactions to manage how changes are committed to a geodatabase.

Image of Edit geodatabase with transactions sample

Use case

Transactions allow you to control how changes are added to a database. This is useful to ensure that when multiple changes are made to a database, they all succeed or fail at once. For example, you could have a business rule that both parent/guardian and student must be added to a database used for calculating school bus routes. You can use transactions to avoid breaking the business rule if you lose power while between the steps of adding the student and parent/guardian.

How to use the sample

When the sample loads, a feature service is taken offline as a geodatabase. When the geodatabase is ready, you can add multiple types of features. Tap "Start" to start a transaction. When you stop editing, you can choose to commit the changes or roll them back. To apply edits directly, untoggle "Requires Transaction". You can synchronize the local geodatabase with the feature service by pressing "Sync".

How it works

  1. Take the feature service offline as a geodatabase and display the local tables from the geodatabase in feature layers.
  2. Begin the transaction on the geodatabase.
  3. Add one or more features to the feature table(s).
  4. When ready, either commit the transaction to the geodatabase or roll back the transaction.
  5. Use a geodatabase sync task to sync changes to the local geodatabase with the feature service.

Relevant API

  • GenerateGeodatabaseJob
  • GenerateGeodatabaseParameters
  • Geodatabase
  • GeodatabaseSyncTask
  • SyncGeodatabaseJob
  • SyncGeodatabaseParameters

About the data

The sample uses a publicly-editable, sync-enabled feature service demonstrating a schema for recording wildlife sightings.

Tags

commit, database, geodatabase, geometry editor, transact, transactions

Sample Code

EditGeodatabaseWithTransactionsView.swiftEditGeodatabaseWithTransactionsView.swiftEditGeodatabaseWithTransactionsView.Model.swift
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// Copyright 2024 Esri
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

import ArcGIS
import SwiftUI

struct EditGeodatabaseWithTransactionsView: View {
    /// The view model for the sample.
    @StateObject private var model = Model()

    /// The action currently being preformed.
    @State private var selectedAction: Action? = .setUp

    /// The text describing the status of the sample.
    @State private var statusText = ""

    /// The point on the map where the user tapped.
    @State private var tapLocation: Point?

    /// A Boolean value indicating whether a transaction is active on the geodatabase.
    @State private var isInTransaction = false

    /// A Boolean value indicating whether a transaction is required to add a feature.
    @State private var transactionIsRequired = true

    /// A Boolean value indicating whether the select feature type popover is presented.
    @State private var isSelectingFeatureType = false

    /// A Boolean value indicating whether the alert to end a transaction is presented.
    @State private var endTransactionAlertIsPresented = false

    /// The error shown in the error alert.
    @State private var error: Error?

    var body: some View {
        MapView(map: model.map)
            .onSingleTapGesture { _, mapPoint in
                // Shows the select feature type popover when a feature can currently be added.
                guard !transactionIsRequired || isInTransaction else { return }

                tapLocation = mapPoint
                isSelectingFeatureType = true
            }
            .task(id: selectedAction) {
                guard let selectedAction else { return }

                do {
                    switch selectedAction {
                    case .setUp:
                        try await model.setUp()
                    case .addFeature(let tableName, let featureTypeName):
                        try await model.addFeature(
                            tableName: tableName,
                            featureTypeName: featureTypeName,
                            point: tapLocation!
                        )
                    case .beginTransaction:
                        try model.geodatabase.beginTransaction()
                        isInTransaction = true
                    case .commitTransaction:
                        try model.geodatabase.commitTransaction()
                        isInTransaction = false
                    case .rollbackTransaction:
                        try model.geodatabase.rollbackTransaction()
                        isInTransaction = false
                    case .sync:
                        try await model.syncGeodatabase()
                    }

                    statusText = selectedAction.completionMessage
                } catch GeodatabaseError.geometryOutsideReplicaExtent {
                    statusText = "Error: Feature geometry is outside the generate geodatabase geometry."
                } catch {
                    self.error = error
                }

                self.selectedAction = nil
            }
            .overlay(alignment: .top) {
                Text(statusText)
                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                    .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .center)
                    .padding(8)
                    .background(.regularMaterial, ignoresSafeAreaEdges: .horizontal)
            }
            .overlay(alignment: .center) {
                if let progress = model.progress {
                    VStack {
                        Text(selectedAction == .setUp ? "Creating geodatabase…" : "Syncing edits…")
                            .padding(.bottom)
                        ProgressView(progress)
                            .frame(maxWidth: 180)
                    }
                    .padding()
                    .background(.ultraThickMaterial)
                    .cornerRadius(10)
                    .shadow(radius: 50)
                }
            }
            .toolbar {
                ToolbarItemGroup(placement: .bottomBar) {
                    Button(isInTransaction ? "End" : "Start") {
                        if isInTransaction {
                            // Presents the alert to handle the edits.
                            endTransactionAlertIsPresented = true
                        } else {
                            selectedAction = .beginTransaction
                        }
                    }
                    .disabled(!transactionIsRequired)
                    .popover(isPresented: $isSelectingFeatureType) {
                        SelectFeatureTypeView(
                            featureTables: model.geodatabase.featureTables
                        ) { tableName, featureTypeName in
                            selectedAction = .addFeature(
                                tableName: tableName,
                                featureTypeName: featureTypeName
                            )
                        }
                        .presentationDetents([.fraction(0.5)])
                        .frame(idealWidth: 320, idealHeight: 380)
                    }

                    Spacer()

                    Toggle("Requires Transaction", isOn: $transactionIsRequired)
                        .disabled(isInTransaction)
                        .onChange(of: transactionIsRequired) { transactionIsRequired in
                            statusText = transactionIsRequired
                            ? "Tap Start to begin a transaction."
                            : "Tap on the map to add a feature."
                        }

                    Spacer()

                    Button("Sync") {
                        selectedAction = .sync
                    }
                    .disabled(isInTransaction || !model.hasLocalEdits)
                }
            }
            .alert("Commit Edits", isPresented: $endTransactionAlertIsPresented) {
                Button("Commit") {
                    selectedAction = .commitTransaction
                }
                Button("Rollback", role: .destructive) {
                    selectedAction = .rollbackTransaction
                }
                Button("Cancel", role: .cancel) {}
            } message: {
                Text("Commit the edits in the transaction to the geodatabase or rollback to discard them.")
            }
            .disabled(selectedAction == .setUp || selectedAction == .sync)
            .errorAlert(presentingError: $error)
    }
}

/// An action associated with the geodatabase.
private enum Action: Equatable {
    /// Sets up the sample.
    case setUp
    /// Adds a feature of a given type to a table in the geodatabase.
    case addFeature(tableName: String, featureTypeName: String)
    /// Starts a transaction on the geodatabase.
    case beginTransaction
    /// Commits the edits in the transaction to the geodatabase.
    case commitTransaction
    /// Rollback the edits in the transaction from the geodatabase.
    case rollbackTransaction
    /// Synchronizes the geodatabase and the feature service.
    case sync

    /// The message to display when the action successfully completes.
    var completionMessage: String {
        switch self {
        case .setUp: "Tap Start to begin a transaction."
        case .addFeature: "Added feature."
        case .beginTransaction: "Transaction started."
        case .commitTransaction: "Edits committed to geodatabase."
        case .rollbackTransaction: "Edits discarded."
        case .sync: "Synchronized geodatabase and feature service."
        }
    }
}

/// A view allowing the user to select a feature type from given feature tables.
private struct SelectFeatureTypeView: View {
    /// The feature tables containing the feature types.
    let featureTables: [ArcGISFeatureTable]

    /// The action to perform when a feature type is selected and the "Done" button is pressed.
    let onFeatureSelectionAction: (_ tableName: String, _ featureTypeName: String) -> Void

    /// The action to dismiss the view.
    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss

    /// The name of the feature table selected in the picker.
    @State private var selectedFeatureTableName = ""

    /// The name of the feature type selected by the user.
    @State private var selectedFeatureTypeName: String?

    /// The feature types of the selected feature table.
    private var featureTypeOptions: [FeatureType] {
        let selectFeatureTable = featureTables.first { $0.tableName == selectedFeatureTableName }
        return selectFeatureTable?.featureTypes ?? []
    }

    var body: some View {
        NavigationStack {
            Form {
                Section("Feature Type") {
                    Picker("Feature Table", selection: $selectedFeatureTableName) {
                        ForEach(featureTables, id: \.tableName) { featureTable in
                            Text(featureTable.displayName)
                        }
                    }
                    .pickerStyle(.segmented)

                    Picker("Feature Type", selection: $selectedFeatureTypeName) {
                        ForEach(featureTypeOptions, id: \.name) { featureType in
                            Text(featureType.name)
                                .tag(featureType.name as String?)
                        }
                    }
                    .pickerStyle(.inline)
                    .labelsHidden()
                }
            }
            .navigationTitle("New Feature")
            .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
            .toolbar {
                ToolbarItem(placement: .cancellationAction) {
                    Button("Cancel", role: .cancel) { dismiss() }
                }

                ToolbarItem(placement: .confirmationAction) {
                    Button("Done") {
                        onFeatureSelectionAction(selectedFeatureTableName, selectedFeatureTypeName!)
                        dismiss()
                    }
                    .disabled(selectedFeatureTypeName == nil)
                }
            }
        }
        .onAppear {
            selectedFeatureTableName = featureTables.first?.tableName ?? ""
        }
    }
}

#Preview {
    NavigationStack {
        EditGeodatabaseWithTransactionsView()
    }
}

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